Maeraj engineering company is a leading group in the field of hvdc tester. Finally, our german lead plant has two independent test fields able to test hvdc converter transformers at its prem ises, which adds to the production capacity. The field testing section was copied from the present ieee standard. An hvdc test system consists of an hvac transformer, dou bling capacitors. Resilient multiterminal hvdc networks with highvoltage highfrequency electronics dr rob sellick. Hvdc converter transformers, traction transformers and.
Ann based internal fault diagnosis of hvdc converter. Testing and commissioning of vsc hvdc systems ecigre. The high cost of transformer, switchgears, and protection is required. Oct 03, 2012 this hvdc backtoback station located between brazil and argentina involved considerable innovation in manufacturing and construction techniques for both transmission lines and converter station. In 1995 abb announced a new concept for hvdc converter stations, hvdc with capacitor commutated converters ccc, which further improves the performance of hvdc transmissions. This document gives an overview of the hvdc protection.
Hvdc transmission and integration ac grid 1 rightofway comparison of 6,000mw hvdc and ac circuits joe mooney is a department manager at power engineers, inc. The worlds first hvdc transformer passes the test for 1,100. Also, tools for the system programming and supervision are. Dc separate source voltage withstand test iec 6782 sections 8. Resilient multiterminal hvdc networks with highvoltage. Power transformers hvdc transformers building trust through a. Sheet samples for electrical testing melt press, crosslink epr. Markus pettersson, september 22, 2016 plnabb power grids. Hvdc at a glance in 1954 the worlds first high voltage direct current hvdc transmission link was delivered by abb. Supply of ac voltages into two separate circuits feeding the rectifier bridges with a phase shift of 30 electrical degrees for reduction of low order harmonics esp. A transformer that has one of its windings connected to one of these. Transformer manufacturers perform two main types of transformer testing type test of transformer and routine test of transformer. Hvdc high voltage direct current is a highly efficient alternative for transmitting large amounts of electricity over long distances and for special purpose applications.
The hvdc control and protection system is divided to two redundant systems a and b, based on an active standby concept. System and no rassps compressed schedule operational summer 2014 design, construction, testing and operation mackinac hvdc. The ecodesign directive of the european union and the related regulation 5482014 for transformer losses requires manufacturers to publish on the internet information on rated power, load loss, noload loss and weight and type of the major components of typical transformers, which are compliant with the regulationon. Both of these circuits are also called converter circuits. Innovative facilities and rigorous quality processes. Hvdc circuit breakers are difficult some mechanism must be included in. Stability assessment and mitigation converter interactions improving grid code for hvdc schemes. Hvdc systems for energy transmission over long distances. Eric davis will search for the background information to the figures given. Hvdc and a single 69 kv line serving eastern up goal. Hvdc converters capable of converting up to two gigawatts gw.
Stress analysis of hvdc circuit breakers for defining test. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Tester model hvdc 2540a 400 the product with latest technology 28 october, 2011. Hvdc is used as an alternative to ac for transmitting electrical energy over long distances or between ac power systems of different frequencies. Packaging for scalability into systemlevel hvdc dcdc transformer performance under actual fault conditions overall project.
For hvdc transformers pd measurements are also carried out on dielectric tests with dc. The ac voltage is stepped up using a mediumfrequency transformer and then rectifier to obtain the desired hvdc output for transmitting the power. Hvdctesting solutions hvdctester maeraj engineering company. Transformer in sctesting at kema holland the only large hvdc transformer ever sc tested transport weight 230 ton transport dim l x h x w 9,4 x 4,8 x 3,65 in operation since 2010. Hvdc converter transformers power transformers abb. Hvdc is an established technology that has been in. This hvdc backtoback station located between brazil and argentina involved considerable innovation in manufacturing and construction techniques for both transmission lines and converter station. The hvdc test systems allow polarity reversal testing accord.
Abb has participated in the delivery of more than half of the. The ecodesign directive of the european union and the related regulation 5482014 for transformer losses requires manufacturers to publish on the internet information on rated power, load loss, noload loss and weight and type of the major components of typical transformers, which are. With a broad range of instrument transformer solutions and infield experience. As a key enabler in the future energy system based on renewables, hvdc is truly shaping the grid of the future. As a galvanic barrier between ac and dc systems to prevent dc potential entering into the ac system. For longdistance transmission, hvdc systems may be less expensive and have lower electrical losses. Transformer testing has developed considerably over the past years. May 10, 20 transformer manufacturers perform two main types of transformer testing type test of transformer and routine test of transformer. Design considerations of ultra high voltage dc system.
In this book we have laid down important aspects on transformer. In the future the transformer will enable lowloss and extremely efficient high voltage directcurrent hvdc power transmission over a record distance of 3,284 kilometers with a transmission capacity of twelve gigawatts. It is a vital part in safeguarding our high quality by material. Hvdc power transmission an overview sciencedirect topics. Routine tests and type tests of transformers electrical4u. Now we will check out more about dc transmission system. Transformer inductance dc capacitor voltage sourced inverter voltage sourced inverter vl 0 i. Normally attenuated by transformer or distance nothing but plc at transmission. Hvdc disadvantages hvdc is generally less reliable and has lower availability than hvac. Partial discharge measurement should generally be the last dielectric test conducted on the transformer. Power transformer testing 2 power transformer factory test objective of tests classification of tests list of tests connections for test details of tests sequence of tests future trends topics covered tests for special transformers, such as hvdc converter or phase shifting transformers are not covered.
Hvdc classic converter transformers up to 12 gw gigawatt and 80 kv 1,100 kv direct current dc and 1,200 kv alternating current ac hvdc light converter transformers up to 1,500 mw and. Transformer secondary voltage kv 220 220 220 220 220. Testing, research and development in our own chemical and physical test laboratory at our lead plant we have our own testing and development laboratory accredited according to iso 17025. Transformer book is still in demand is a tribute to the publishers and to the. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Anders lindroth will ask dejan susa to include this in the iec loading guide. With successful testing of the worlds first hvdc transformer for a transmission voltage of 1,100 kilovolts, we have set a new benchmark in directcurrent transmission, states beatrix natter, ceo of power transformers at siemens energy management. Pdf 800 kv ultra hvdc transformer a new dimension of dc. One important design criteria for wind turbines is the fulfillment of grid codes given by transmission system operators tso, they state how wind turbinesfarms must.
Hvdc transformer bushing, type ggf installation and. For longdistance transmission, hvdc systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses. Spring 2012 icc educational tests on hvdc cables 28 march, 2012 seattle, usa cigre wg 21. Testing of power transformers seems like a similar experience. Transformer in sc testing at kema holland the only large hvdc transformer ever sc tested transport weight 230 ton transport dim l x h x w 9,4 x 4,8 x 3,65 in operation since 2010 sapei500kv hvdc link design.
It evolved from the simple gonogo verdict into a sophisticated segment within transformer manufacturing. Abb successfully developed and tested 1,100 kv converter transformer technology breaking the record for the highest dc voltage levels ever. Hvdc transformer brochure digital asset management. Ann based internal fault diagnosis of hvdc converter transformer.
The technical brochure provides a practical guideline for the testing and commissioning of vsc hvdc schemes including a complete description of each of the three stages of commissioning factory tests, subsystems tests and system tests. Transformers highvoltage power transmission siemens india. The main ageing and breakdown mechanisms will be highlighted, with special attention for interfaces such as in joints and terminations. A new technology was born and the inventor, uno lamm, became known as the father of hvdc. Developing opensource converter models stability assessment for colocated converters design of dcdc converter. Some transformer tests are also carried out at the consumer site before commissioning and also periodically in regular. The hvac voltage will be rectified to the hvdc test voltage by means of an appropriate electric circuit e. Power transformers built for reliability and efficiency. Advantages and disadvantages of highvoltage direct. Hvdc testing tools from maeraj engineering company. For testing, not only the availability of generators for producing the test voltage, but also a setup free of partial discharges, poses a major demand. An hvdc test system consists of an hvac transformer, dou. The transformer is now on its way to its chinese destination.
Highvoltage directcurrent hvdc power transmission is the most powerful application for linecommutated converters that exist today. Availability assessment of the hvdc converter transformer system conference paper pdf available june 2008 with 1,412 reads how we measure reads. Hvdc test systems are used to generate highvoltage dc test voltages for routine, type, and development tests on components of hvdc transmission systems. Annex e hvdc converter transformers and reactors subcommittee april, 2015, 3. Factory and onsite testing of converter transformers according to iec 6782 testing on dc bushings according to iec 62199 research, development, and education system and components the hvdc test system is supplied with power via a switching cubicle 1. In addition to the above transformer testing methods, the power transformer also goes through some other tests, performed on it, before the actual commissioning of the transformer at the site. So these are several advantages and disadvantages of high voltage transmission. Grid code testing by voltage source converter abstract safe and reliable operation of the wind turbines is important for an efficient operation of the power system. A high voltage, direct current hvdc system also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current ac systems. Stress analysis of hvdc circuit breakers for defining test requirements and its implementation n. The transformer testing performed before commissioning the transformer at the site is called the precommissioning test of the transformer. A power transformer is a technology investment that needs to be secured for decades.
Alstom gridspringsummer 2011 37 testing an 800 kv transformer in wuhan there are few laboratories around the world capable of testing bulky 800 kv dc equipment weighing over 160 tonnes, says david wright. The purpose of the hvdc protection system is to promptly remove main circuit equipment from service at short circuits or at abnormal operation that might cause damage or interfere with the operation of the neighbouring system. The testing hall meets all of the requirements of isoiec 17025 and houses. Nearly all hvdc power converters with thyristor valves are assembled in a converter bridge of 12pulse configuration, as shown in fig.
Engineering and manufacturing algorithms artificial intelligence artificial neural networks usage electric converters electric current converters electric fault location methods. Annex e hvdc converter transformers and reactors subcommittee. Abb has participated in the delivery of more than half of the worlds around 170 hvdc links. The worlds first hvdc transformer passes the test for. Testing and commissioning of vsc hvdc systems abstract voltage source converter vsc technology has emerged as a commercially viable alternative to line commutated converter lcc technology for certain applications of hvdc power transmission. Key words 800 kv hvdc, uhvdc, uhvdc converter stations, uhvdc. Power transformer testing procedures and schemes photo credit. Hvdc converters capable of converting up to two gigawatts gw and with voltage ratings of up to 1,100. Hvdc transformers used to ensure an appropriate tapping range for part of the dc voltage and for reactive power control. Mainly due to the extra conversion equipment and maintenance difficulty.
There are power converters with ratings in excess of mw. Experience and ingenuity are what made this development possible. Dc protections ac protections apparatus protective relays common features of the protection philosophy, the protective functions and the fault clearing actions are given. The phase ii power line is operated by national grid and stretches from monroe new hampshire to the massachusetts border. An hvdc converter converts electric power from high voltage alternating current ac to highvoltage direct current hvdc, or vice versa. Design and testing of hvdc insultation systems understanding the basics of hvdc insulation behavior this twoday course introduces the concepts of hvdc insulation system design and testing, highlighting aspects such as the difference between ac and dc behavior, space charge and routes to failure. To determine the ability to withstand dc voltage, the valve windings of hvdc transformers are subject to the following tests.
This document gives an overview of the hvdc protection system. Hvdctesting solutions hvdctester maeraj engineering. Black start from vsc hvdc and its impact on ac protection. Nijman kema laboratories, dnv gl the netherlands summary testing of hvdc circuit breakers cbs is fundamentally different from that of ac cbs as. A highvoltage, direct current hvdc electric power transmission system also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current ac systems. And in 1997 a completely new converter and dc cable technology called hvdc light was introduced. Some transformer tests are also carried out at the consumer site before commissioning and also periodically in regular and emergency basis throughout its service life.
In most cases, electrical transmission systems are dealing with very high voltage. The goal of partial discharge measurement is to certify that no harmful partial discharge sources exist. Maeraj engineering company is a leading group in the field of hvdctester. Main feature chapter iii making energy available to all.
Hvdc highvoltage direct current is a highly efficient alternative for transmitting large amounts of electricity over long distances and for special purpose applications. Abb and hvdc the worlds first commercial high voltage direct current hvdc link, situated between the swedish mainland and the island gotland, was delivered by abb already in the 1950s. Power transformers hvdc transformers building trust. Summary a highvoltage, direct current hvdc system also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current ac systems. The equipment has been installed in a test circuit for long term energisation at 855 kv. Markus pettersson, september 22, 2016 plnabb power. Jun 01, 2009 from testing results summary as in table 1 and figure 8 it can striated that 97% of efficiency can be obtained in identifying the type of fault in the hvdc transformer windings by using the training and testing patterns from the local maximum values of the neutral current trace when compared to that of the local average values. They are used for withstand testing or polarity reversal testing according to iec 600601. Plains and eastern hvdc clean line energy partners report r8. Verification of equipment for 800 kv hvdc abb group.
Plnabb power grids workshop abb hvdc converter transformers markus pettersson, september 22, 2016. In this article, you will learn different types of transformer testing methods, test setup, and their acceptance criteria. An hvdc converter converts electric power from high voltage alternating current ac to high voltage direct current hvdc, or vice versa. Power transformer factory test using ieee standards. Maintain voltage and angular stability using only local measurements no rassps ac line emulation acle triggered by large network change angle across hvdc power order recalculated to more stable level maintains voltage and angular stability. Design options of hvdc transformers depending on voltage and transferred power rating, the hvdc converter transformer can be built as threephase units or as singlephase units. Availability assessment of the hvdc converter transformer system. The reliability and efficiency of the transformer has a major impact on the total cost of transmission over a long period of time.
Advantages of hvdc over hvac transmission on photo. Power transformer testing procedures and schemes eep. Consequently, the ac voltages applied to each 6pulse valve group that makes up the 12pulse valve group have a phase difference of 30 degrees that is utilized to cancel the ac side, 5th and 7th harmonic currents, and dc side, 6th harmonic voltage, thus. Large hvdc transmission schemes having power transmission capacities of 40006000 mw and.
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