May 17, 2011 we report on the cooling of neutral mercury in a magnetooptical trap utilizing the spin forbidden 1s0 3p1 transition at 253. A mot is essentially a combination of speci cally tuned laser light combined with a quadrupole magnetic eld. Development and characterization of a magnetooptical trap. Its value increases with intensity of the incoming light until the stimulated emission begins to play a role. Here we use this dependence to estimate the pressure and to. Tarbutt centre for cold matter, blackett laboratory, imperial college london, prince consort road, london sw7 2az, uk we present the properties and advantages of a new magneto optical trap mot where blue. Pdf measurement of vacuum pressure with a magnetooptical. Imaging of ultracold atomic populations in magnetooptical traps. The magneto optical trap mot is at the heart of a vast range of scientific and technological applications that use ultracold atoms. We have trapped 40k in a vaporcell magneto optical trap starting from a natural abundance sample. The first proposal for a molecular magnetooptical trap mot identified five classes of diatomic molecules as being amenable to laser cooling and trapping 14, including halides, hydrides, oxides, carbides, and sulfides. Behavior of atoms in a compressed magnetooptical trap. A threedimensional mot model has been constructed for an atom with the optical transition j g 0 j e 1 j g, e is the total angular momentum in the ground and excited states in the semiclassical approximation by taking into account the influence of the relative phases of light fields on the kinetics.
This leads to the lifetime being inversely proportional to the pressure. University of birmingham a portable magnetooptical trap with. The arrangement see the attached photographs and schemes consists to large extent of components designed and built in our lab. The stark spectrum of cesium n d n 3950 rydberg atoms are obtained by a stateselective field ionization method in a magnetooptical trap mot. Osa simultaneous cooling and trapping of 85rb and 87rb in a. Measurement of vacuum pressure with a magnetooptical trap. Magnetooptical trapping of cadmium christopher monroe. While nearly all cold atom experiments deal with the alkalimetal atoms. When working with lasers, certain parameters are frequently used.
Laser spectroscopy and magnetooptical trapping of rubidium atoms. Phasespace description of the magneto optical trap. Another veryattractive way to trap atoms on a chip is achievedusing micromirrors5 etched in a 4sided pyramidal shape 6 and cooling atoms in a magnetooptical trap mot a design experimentally realised only very recently 7. Pdf singlebeam zeeman slower and magnetooptical trap. Pdf simulating atomic motion in a magnetooptical trap. This allows for the cooling and trapping of atoms from typically a hot source. Measurement of polarizability of cesium nd state in magneto. A twodimensional magneto optical trap 2d mot is outlined. Pdf a freely falling magnetooptical trap drop tower experiment. Ultracold metastable calcium atoms in a bichromatic magneto. University of calgary characterization of magneto optical trap for experiments in lightatom interfacing by pantita palittapongarnpim a thesis submitted to the faculty of graduate studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science department of physics and astronomy calgary, alberta september, 2012.
Multiparameter optimisation of a magnetooptical trap. A continuous beam of cold atoms is considered as an alternative to improve the performance of caesium frequency standards. In general, magneto optic effects break time reversal symmetry locally i. A magnetic field at any given point may be specified as having both a. Jan 14, 2014 source physicist david pritchard on the efficiency of cold atoms experiments, boseeinstein condensate, and the use of. Magnetooptical trapping of neutral mercury springerlink. Two different isotopes85rb and 87rbhave been captured simultaneously in one magnetooptical trap.
The magneto optical trap mot 1 is an essential tool for a wealth of scienti c and technological applications of ultracold atoms, including tests of fundamental physics, studies of ultracold collisions and quantum degenerate gases, advances in frequency metrology and the. The temperature of the trapped atomic sample is dopplerlimited due to the lack of ground state zeemanstructure. Magneto optical trap 100 further comprises a quadrupole magnetic field. Schematic beam traces of the trapping and repu mping lasers are shown essential blocks are marked with a dashed l ine magneto optical trap. Magnetooptical trap optimization universiteit utrecht. The most prevalent cold atomic system is that of the magneto optical trap mot in which thermal atoms are collected into the trap from the surrounding warm vapour. An aperture in the grating allows atoms from the dispenser to be loaded from behind the chip, increasing the interaction distance of atoms with the cooling.
Optimized magnetooptical trap for experiments with ultracold. Below, the magnetooptical trap for rb atoms built in the dr. This research attempted to characterize a magneto optical trap mot through absorption and fluorescence imaging. Please view the pdf to see all figures, images, and formulas. The temperature of the cold atom cloud was determined to be approximately 300.
The trapped atom cloud is characterized in terms of the population, volume and temperature. These improvements are enabled by three distinct changes to our recently. The trap loss rates that are due to collisions between atoms of different isotopes have been measured in the lowintensity limit. University of calgary characterization of magnetooptical. One device that is used to trap and cool atoms to the k range is called a magneto optical trap. This method of isotope trace analysis is free of contamination from other isotopes and elements and can be applied to several different isotope tracers for a wide range of.
We describe the application of displaced, or misaligned, beams in a mirrorbased magneto optical trap mot to enable portable and miniaturized atom chip experiments where optical access is. In a mot, pairs of counterpropagating laser beams cross at the zero of a magnetic quadrupole field, subjecting atoms to a velocitydependent force, which cools them, and a positiondependent force, which traps them. Pdf phasespace description of the magnetooptical trap. The magneto optical trap mot is an indispensable source of cold atoms for a range of studies and applications in atomic physics, from precision atomic spectroscopy sat1 and cold collisions 2 to atom interferometry and the generation of quantumdegenerate gases 3. Introduction the use of 24mg atoms offers the mpossibility to develop a new generation of optical frequency standards due to the presence. A misaligned magnetooptical trap to enable miniaturized atom. Contrary to what is observed for the other isotopes of potassium, our data indicate that. However, only the fluorides srf 15 and caf 1618 have thus far been loaded into 3d mots. We present an integrated wirebased magnetooptical trap for the simpli. Characteristics of a magnetooptical trap of molecules. Our approach is based on a freely falling magnetooptical trap mot drop tower experiment performed within the atkat collaboration atomcatapult as a preliminary part of the quantus pilot. Higherintensity produces faster absorption, but causes also equally fast stimulated emission. A magneto optical trap mot is an apparatus that uses laser cooling with magneto optical trapping in order to produce samples of cold, trapped, neutral atoms at temperatures as low as several microkelvins, two or three times the recoil limit see doppler cooling limit.
Glodzs laboratory at the ip pas is briefly described. May 27, 2015 the kinetics of atoms in a threedimensional magnetooptical trap mot is considered. The most prevalent cold atomic system is that of the magnetooptical trap mot in which thermal atoms are collected into the trap from the surrounding warm vapour. The magneto optical trap the optical earnshaw theorem duration.
Laser spectroscopy and magnetooptical trapping of rubidium atoms a thesis presented by david e. The number of trapped atoms is approximately 8000, with a density of. During the summer of 2006, work was undertaken in the remote sensing division at the naval research laboratory in washington, dc to construct the imaging systems. Constructing a magnetooptical trap for cold atom trapping. Multiparameter optimisation of a magnetooptical trap using.
Magnetooptical trap formed by elliptically polarised light. The photon emitted by the stimulated emission moves in the same direction as the. The lifetime of an atom trap is often limited by the presence of residual background gases in the vacuum chamber. Laser manipulation of neutral atoms has been used to count individual krypton85 and krypton81 atoms present in a natural krypton gas sample with isotopic abundances in the range of 10. It is currently limited by the quality of the laser. The trap parameters could be chosen nearly independently for the two isotopes. Another veryattractive way to trap atoms on a chip is achievedusing micromirrors5 etched in a 4sided pyramidal shape 6 and cooling atoms in a magneto optical trap mot a design experimentally realised only very recently 7. For clarity purposes, the quadrupole magnetic field that is part of the magneto optical trap 100 is not shown in fig. To that end, we have constructed a magnetooptical trap for strontium to enable future study of atomsurface potentials, and the apparatus and proposed. Ultrasensitive isotope trace analyses with a magnetooptical trap. Our system uses a nanofabricated diffraction grating to generate a magneto optical trap mot using a single input laser beam.
May 21, 2014 achieving a cold atom mot with coldquantas minimot kit. The cooling transition is not completely closed thus yielding an intense. We developed a magnetooptical trap for laser cooling and trapping of rubidium atoms. Pdf a freely falling magnetooptical trap drop tower.
Source physicist david pritchard on the efficiency of cold atoms experiments, boseeinstein condensate, and the use of. Magnetooptical trapping of fermionic potassium atoms. University of calgary characterization of magnetooptical trap for experiments in lightatom interfacing by pantita palittapongarnpim a thesis submitted to the faculty of graduate studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science department of physics and astronomy calgary, alberta september, 2012. Threedimensional theory of the magnetooptical trap.
1358 1516 188 40 1497 1035 1126 1462 1078 565 1 1475 1124 522 591 788 1143 313 564 1300 654 1236 1318 118 989 1340 22 1210 1080 414 1203 160 405 585 452 730 424 1379 257 432 520 185 144 881 1228 686 212 186